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Make America Great Again From Reagan?

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American campaign slogan

Trump'south "Make America Nifty Once again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence equally his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Slap-up Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let'southward Make America Great Once more" in his successful 1980 presidential entrada. Nib Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential entrada and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's use of the phrase "probably the most resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the land was in decline.[2] [3]

The slogan became a pop culture phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, amusement and politics, beingness used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the Usa, regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [5] [half dozen] [seven] The slogan was besides at the heart of two events originally reported inaccurately in nearly media outlets, the Jussie Smollett set on hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [ix] [10] [eleven]

Use earlier Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used past Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a spoken language at the third session of the 76th United States Congress in anticipation of the 1940 U.s. presidential ballot: "What is the fashion? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and management; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who can requite them the spirit which will beget vision. That will make America great again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's make America great again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential entrada. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the land'due south economic distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[14] [15] [xvi] [17] Within his acceptance speech communication at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without task opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national cause to make America swell again."[18] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was besides used in speeches[20] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used as a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economy yous had 50 years ago, and... move you back up on the social totem pole and other people downward."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book most her unsuccessful 2010 bid equally the Republican nominee for a The states Senate seat in Delaware was published past St. Martin's Press on August xvi, 2011, as Troublemaker: Permit's Practise What It Takes to Make America Great Over again.[24]

Utilize past Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Brand America Keen Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump fabricated a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the hereafter, explaining "I must leave all of my options open because, above all else, we must make America nifty again."[25] Also in December 2011, he published a book using equally a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #i Once again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Bully Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Peachy Again" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of State's office to create the "Make America Not bad Again Party", which would have immune Trump to be that party's nominee if he had decided to get a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on Nov 7, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. Past his ain business relationship, Trump get-go considered "Nosotros Will Make America Not bad", but did not feel similar it had the right "band" to information technology. "Make America Great" was his next slogan idea, merely upon farther reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America considering it implied that America was never great. After selecting "Brand America Groovy Once more", Trump immediately had an attorney register it. (Trump subsequently said he was unaware of Reagan's employ in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the United States Patent and Trademark Role requesting sectional rights to use the slogan for political purposes. It was registered equally a service mark on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential entrada and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [thirty] Trump used the slogan in public as early equally August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Nifty Again" on a roadside in California before long after the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Go along America Bully" lid in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump oft used the slogan, peculiarly by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white messages, which shortly became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was and so important to the campaign that at one indicate it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat ten to one. "...but it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys one, that's an advertizing."[28]

Following Trump's election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would exist "Proceed America Dandy" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] However, Trump'south 2020 campaign continued to use the "Make America Great Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, once again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule.[36] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was besides mocked.[37]

Less than a week after Trump left office, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might exist named either the "Patriot Party" or "Make America Great Again Party". In his kickoff few days out of function, he also supported Arizona state political party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise called for the cosmos of a "MAGA Party". In late January 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Party equally leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[38] [39]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My apply of social media is not Presidential – it'due south Mod DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Again!" on July one, 2017.[40]

In the first one-half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[41] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a mail'southward retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the boilerplate Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[41]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[42] According to RiteTag,[43] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter lone include: ane,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and three,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[43]

Donald Trump gear up his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with peculiarly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Political party nomination (May 3, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[44]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Vox of America journalist, among others,[5] [vi] explained how it is a loaded phrase because information technology "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it as racist coded language, but also to those who have felt a loss of status every bit other groups have go more empowered."[4] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan at present resonates as America First did in the early 1940s, with the thought "that the truthful version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[45]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Great Again' hat is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. Simply if you lot vesture 1, it's a pretty good indication that y'all share, admire or appreciate President Trump'southward racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this label and did non believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[46] [47] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabulous", writing: "It was vague enough to appeal to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[48] Polling has shown that about ten per centum of black voters identified equally Trump supporters,[49] [ not-main source needed ] while near xxx pct of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[l] [ better source needed ]

Apply by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 volume titled The Proficient Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Make America Great Again [51] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early on years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book about her Republican Senate entrada in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes To Make America Great Once again.[52]

After Donald Trump popularized the employ of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his ballot entrada and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Great Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist messages to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa Jan 28, 2016 contend.[53] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such every bit "Make America United mexican states Again", a critique of Trump'southward immigration policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico border.[54] [55]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 bill signing.[56] [57] Onetime U.s. Attorney Full general Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you call back America was slap-up?"[58] [59] During John McCain's memorial service on September i, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to be fabricated keen once more because America was ever great."[60] Trump subsequently tweeted "MAKE AMERICA Great AGAIN!" later that day.[61]

Use by hate groups [edit]

A 2018 study using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[62]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Understanding. The final sentence of the spoken communication delivered past him was "brand our planet dandy again."[63]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, old opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "brand Indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[64]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Make European union Lagom Once more".[65] [66]

Feb 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Make Globe Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement take often used slogans like "Brand Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[67] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the World Greta Once again.[68]

In popular culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Once again" stage properties reminiscent of the "Make America Not bad Again" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Developed entertainment [edit]

  • Adult film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Once again" strip club tour. The tour followed Trump'due south initial 2016 campaign trail and part of the revenue was donated to Planned Parenthood.[69]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Douse-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Douse Again".[seventy]

Artwork [edit]

  • Brand Everything Dandy Once more was a street fine art landscape by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[71] [72]

One-act [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand up-up bout was titled "Making America Great Once more".[73]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers challenge an clan with Adult Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed as the World Trade Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Great Once again" hats.[74] [75] [76]

Style [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Brand America Great Once more" Official presidential campaign Flag to blueprint a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to clothing on Red Carpeting due east.one thousand. 2017 Grammy Awards.[77]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Brand Sandford Great Once again" to Sergeant Nicholas Affections.[78]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Brand England Great Again" fez chapeau in ane scene.[79]
  • The Syfy picture show Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Again".[80]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Ballot Year (2016) is "Continue America Keen" (a phrase Trump would later on use as his 2020 campaign slogan); ane of the TV spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does so "to keep my country [America] not bad".[81] The next film in the franchise, The Beginning Purge, was afterwards advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA lid.[82]
  • The graphic symbol Paul in Da five Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA chapeau throughout the motion-picture show.[83]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Dandy Over again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombatxi newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld cracking again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Again" in its marketing campaign.[84]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Great Again" during his voice communication while contesting Raiden.[85]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their anthology American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Once again.[86]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called M.A.T.A, significant Make America Trap Again.[87]
  • Make America Rock Again was a rock concert tour.[88]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Motorcar, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, chosen their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Again Tour", using a stage backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA lid.
  • Uk musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protestation album in 2020 called 'Make Acrimony Cracking Again'[89]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[xc]
  • Frank Turner released a song chosen "Brand America Great Once more" on his album Exist More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Cracking Again" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' apparel.[91]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat saying Brand America Skate again in Run a risk the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[92]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Anarchism released a song titled Make America Great Again.[93]
  • Metal band Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Make America Hate Over again" on their album Human Target (2019). They besides sell a lid with the slogan "Make Deathcore Great Over again".

Sports [edit]

  • And then-Washington Nationals baseball game outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat proverb "Brand Baseball Fun Once again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia East. Butler used "Make America Keen Over again" equally the presidential entrada slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[94] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled faith and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[95]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Once more",[96] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Television [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his prove Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral proper name of the Trump family.[97] [98] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[98]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My State Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen belongings signs bearing the slogan.[99]
  • In the Star Expedition: Discovery episode "What's By Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[100] [101] [102] [103]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

combsunth1962.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again#:~:text=%22Make%20America%20Great%20Again%22%20or,his%20successful%201980%20presidential%20campaign.

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